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The majority of crates are the 601A design
(see Figure 1). These are a light duty crate suitable for most
purposes and can be strengthened with intermediate cleats (additional
boards between the edge cleats) and/or thicker sheathing (the
wood, usually plywood, that makes up the four panels and the top.)
 When
top loading is difficult or front loading desirable, or if the
item to be crated is heavy or bulky, a 601A D/E (Drop End) crate
may be called for (See Figure 2).
Once the item is on the base, the cap (the top,
two sides and two ends) is placed over it and fastened to the
skids, usually with lag screws. Depending on the type and weight
of the item, the base may be plywood or lumber.
Depending on what you are shipping, whether
it is a box, a sensitive product, a machine, or miscellaneous
items, you might need just a pallet or a skid. A pallet with no
bottom deckboards is called a skid (see Figure 3). Skids also
refer to the timbers under a crate or base that allow for forklift
entry. Or you may require full protection from the elements and
potential damage, which requires a crate. In some cases, a base
with a corrugated sleeve or cap may be sufficient. Risers, rails,
removable supports or blocking, and ramps to facilitate loading
and unloading, may be useful or required.
Shock and Vibration Protection
Many products and types of equipment are sensitive
to shock and vibration. A shock absorbing floater base (a platform
raised up from the base of the crate by compressible material,
usually polyurethane or polyethylene foam) may be added as required.
Floater bases with appropriate types and quantity of foam can
alleviate the effect of these forces. Crates can also be foam
lined or products can be blocked or braced with foam to absorb
lateral and vertical shock. Finally, indicator devices and special
labeling are available to ensure that you know how your item was
handled, telling you if a shock or tipping violation occurred.
Please indicate if the item to be crated needs to be protected
from vibration and/or shocks, and to what degree.
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